Ukuhlunga Komoya Ezikhungweni Zedatha: Ukuvikela Amaseva Ezinhlayiyeni Ezihamba Ngezindiza
TL;DR — Isikhungo Sedatha Ukuhlunga Komoya Izinto Ezibalulekile
Ukungcola kwezinhlayiya eziphuma emoyeni kungenye yezinsongo ezinganakwa kakhulu ekuthembekeni kwesikhungo sedatha, okubangela ngqo ukwehluleka kwe-hard drive, ukugoba kukagesi emabhodini wesekethe, kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kahle kokupholisa. I-Uptime Institute ilinganisela ukuthi ukungcola kwezinhlayiya kunegalelo ekuhlulekeni kwemishini ye-IT okungahleliwe okungu-8-12% ezikhungweni zedatha, kanti umzuzu ngamunye wokungasebenzi ubiza phakathi kuka-$5,600 no-$9,000 ezikhungweni zebhizinisi.
Ukuhlunga umoya wesikhungo sedatha kuhluke kakhulu ku-HV yezentengiselwanoUkuhlunga kwe-Ac ngoba okubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela imishini, hhayi abantu. Umgomo uwukugcina ukuhlanzeka komoya kwe-ISO Class 8 (ngokwe-ISO 14644-1) ngaphakathi kwesikhala esimhlophe, okudinga izihlungi zangaphambi kwe-G4 (MERV 8) kanye nezihlungi eziyinhloko ze-F7–F9 (MERV 13–15) kuzo zonke izindlela zokungenisa umoya kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuhlunga kwe-HEPA ngokuvamile akudingeki futhi kudala i-ΔP eyengeziwe ekhulisa amandla okupholisa abalandeli.
Incazelo yesihlungi engabizi kakhulu yezikhungo zedatha ukuhlunga okuhleliwe kwe-G4+F7. Isihlungi sangaphambi kwe-G4 sibiza u-$4–$8 ngeyunithi ngayinye futhi sivikela isihlungi esikhulu se-F7 esingu-$20–$35. Ngaphandle kokuhlunga kwangaphambi kwe-F7, isihlungi se-F7 sizolayisha ku-ΔP yokugcina ezinyangeni ezi-3–5 esikhundleni sezinyanga eziyi-9–12, okwandisa izindleko zesihlungi saminyaka yonke ngo-60–80% futhi kubeke engcupheni i-particulate bypass ngesikhathi sokulayisha okuphezulu.
Isingeniso: Izindleko Zesinhlayiya Esisodwa
Ngavakashela isikhungo sedatha eJakarta ngo-2022 esasibhekene nokwehluleka okuqhubekayo kwe-hard drive emgqeni owodwa wama-server racks — ukwehluleka okune ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, konke endaweni efanayo, konke ku-hardware efanayo. Umphathi wesikhungo wayeshintshe ama-drive, wahlola ikhwalithi yamandla, futhi wabuyekeza i-firmware. Akukho okwasiza. Lapho ngihamba phansi, ngaphawula inkinga: ama-grilles omoya opholile ngaphezulu kuleyo ndawo ayengaphansi kwephaneli yokufinyelela ophahleni eyayishiywe ivulekile kancane ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwezintambo ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambili. Uthuli oluncane lokwakha lwaluhlala ngqo ezindlini zokungenisa iseva.
Izinhlayiya ezithwala umoya ziyizitha ezingabonakali zokuthembeka kwesikhungo sedatha. Ukufika kwenhlayiya eyodwa eqhubayo ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe kungabangela i-short circuit. Ukufika kwenhlayiya eyodwa ekhuhlayo eplatini ye-hard drive ejikelezayo kungabangela ukuphahlazeka kwekhanda okubhubhisa idatha. Ingqimba yothuli oluqongelela kusinki yokushisa ingakhuphula amazinga okushisa ezingxenyeni ngo-5–12°C, isheshise ukufuduka kwe-electro futhi inciphise impilo yesevisi ngo-30–50%. Lesi sihloko sichaza indlela yokucacisa, ukusetha, nokugcina umoya Uhlelo Lokuhlungas ikakhulukazi ukuvikela imishini ye-IT yesikhungo sedatha.
Kungani Ukulawulwa Kwezinhlayiyana Kubalulekile Ezikhungweni Zedatha
Ngokungafani nezakhiwo zezentengiselwano lapho ukuhlunga umoya kuvikela khona impilo yabantu, ukuhlunga umoya wesikhungo sedatha kuvikela kakhulu ukuthembeka kwemishini kanye nokusebenza kokushisa. Izindlela zokwehluleka okubangelwa yizinhlayiya eziphuma emoyeni ezikhungweni zedatha zibhalwe kahle:
- Ukuphahlazeka kwekhanda le-hard drive: Izinhlayiya ezisuka emoyeni ezincane njenge-2–5 μm ezingena kwi-hard drive zingabangela ukuthi ikhanda lokufunda/lokubhala lithinte ubuso beplati, libhubhise ikhanda futhi lilimaze idiski. Ama-HDD anamuhla anezihlungi zangaphakathi, kodwa lezi zinganqotshwa ukuvezwa okuphezulu kwezinhlayiya okuqhubekayo. Ucwaningo lwesikhungo sedatha se-Google olushicilelwe ku I-USENIX ATC 2016 bathole ukuthi izindawo ezinokuhlunga umoya okubi zinezinga lokwehluleka kwe-hard drive eliphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.2 kunezo ezinokuhlunga okufanele.
- Ukubopha ngogesi kanye nokugqwala: Izinhlayiya eziqhuba ugesi (uthuli lwensimbi, ikhabhoni) zingahlanganisa imikhondo yesekethe kuma-PCB, okubangela imikhondo emifushane ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukwehluleka unomphela. Izinhlayiya ezi-hygroscopic (usawoti, uthuli lwesimende) zimunca umswakama futhi zisheshise ukugqwala kwemikhondo yethusi kanye namajoyinti e-solder.
- Ukuwohloka kokushisa: Ukuqongelela uthuli eziphikweni zesinki sokushisa kanye nakuma-fan blades kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa ngo-30-50% ngokusho I-ASHRAE TC 9.9 ucwaningo. Lokhu kuphoqa abalandeli abapholisayo ukuthi bajikeleze ngokushesha, badle amandla amaningi, futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekushiseni kwamaprosesa.
- Ukupholisa ikhoyili ukungcolisa: Uthuli oluqongelelana emaphinini ekhoyili yamanzi abandayo lunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kokushisa, okudinga amazinga okushisa aphansi amanzi abandayo noma ukugeleza komoya okuphezulu ukuze kulondolozwe amandla okupholisa afanayo - kokubili okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Amakilasi Okuhlanzeka e-ISO 14644-1 Ezikhungo Zedatha
Iziqondiso zokushisa ze-ASHRAE TC 9.9 zezikhungo zedatha zincoma ukugcina ukuhlanzeka komoya kwe-ISO Class 8 endaweni emhlophe (phansi kweseva). I-ISO Class 8 ivumela ubuningi bezinhlayiya ezingu-3,520,000 nge-cubic meter ku-≥0.5 μm, kanye nezinhlayiya ezingu-29,300 nge-cubic meter ku-≥5 μm. Lokhu kuwumgomo ofanayo wokuhlanzeka njengegumbi lokuhlanza lezentengiselwano elinakekelwa kahle, elitholakala ngokuhlunga okufanele kunokwakhiwa kwegumbi lokuhlanza eligcwele.
| Ikilasi le-ISO | Izinhlayiya Eziphezulu/m³ (0.5 μm) | Izinhlayiya Eziphezulu/m³ (5.0 μm) | Isicelo Esijwayelekile | Kudingeka Isihlungi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isigaba sesi-7 se-ISO | 352,000 | 2,930 | Amakamelo okuhlanza emithi, ama-OR esibhedlela | F9 + i-HEPA ongayikhetha |
| Isigaba sesi-8 se-ISO | 3,520,000 | 29,300 | Isikhala esimhlophe sesikhungo sedatha | G4 + F7–F9 |
| Isigaba 9 se-ISO | 35,200,000 | 293,000 | I-HVAC evamile yezentengiselwano | G4 |
| Ngaphandle okungalawulwa | >35,200,000 | >293,000 | Umoya wangaphandle | Kuncike ku-AQ yendawo |
Ngenxa yokuthi umoya wangaphandle ezindaweni eziningi zasemadolobheni usuvele udlula imikhawulo ye-ISO Class 8 ngesilinganiso esingu-10–50, ukuhlunga kubalulekile ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umoya ufike phansi kweseva. Umoya ongenayo ngaphandle kumele uhlungwe okungenani ezingeni le-F7, futhi umoya ojikeleziswa kabusha kufanele udlule okungenani ekuhlungeni okuhleliwe kwe-G4+F7.
Ukukhetha Isihlungi Sezinhlelo Zokupholisa Zesikhungo Sedatha
Ukucushwa kokupholisa kwesikhungo sedatha kuyahlukahluka, futhi imininingwane yesihlungi kumele ifane nokwakheka kokupholisa.
Amayunithi e-CRAC/CRAH (Isicoci/Isiphathi Segumbi Lekhompyutha)
Lawa amayunithi okupholisa avame kakhulu ezindaweni zedatha zendabuko, ngokuvamile amayunithi afakwe phansi adonsa umoya ofudumele endaweni eshisayo, awupholise, futhi anikeze umoya obandayo endaweni ebandayo. Umoya obuyayo ongeniswa kumayunithi e-CRAC kufanele ube nokuhlunga okungenani kwe-G4 (MERV 8). Uma isikhungo sedatha sitholakala endaweni enezinhlayiya zangaphandle eziphakathi nendawo kuya kweziphezulu (isilinganiso sonyaka se-PM2.5 >35 μg/m³), thuthukela ku-F7 (MERV 13) ohlangothini lokubuyisa.
Iphutha elivamile: Ngibone amayunithi e-CRAC engenazo izihlungi nhlobo — umphathi wesikhungo wacabanga ukuthi ‘iphansi eliphakanyisiwe lihlinzeka ngokuhlunga.’ Akwenzeki. Amayunithi e-CRAC angenazo izihlungi aqoqa uthuli ngokushesha emaphinini ekhoyili yokupholisa kanye nakuma-fan blades, okunciphisa amandla okupholisa ngo-15-25% zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-6-12.
Ukupholisa Okusekelwe ku-AHU (Amayunithi Okuphatha Umoya)
Izikhungo zedatha ezinkulu kanye nezikhungo ze-hyperscale zisebenzisa ama-AHU aphakathi anezindlela zomoya ezizinikele zomoya wangaphandle kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi. Ukungena komoya ngaphandle kudinga ukuhlungwa kwe-F7 (MERV 13) okungenani, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-F9 (MERV 15) okukhethwa kukho ezindaweni ezinezinhlayiya eziningi. Indlela yomoya ojikelezayo idinga ukuhlungwa kwangaphambili kwe-G4 (MERV 8) ukuvikela amakhoyili okupholisa, kanye nokuhlungwa kokugcina kwe-F7 (MERV 13) ukugcina ukuhlanzeka kwe-ISO Class 8 endaweni emhlophe.
Ukupholisa Okuhwamukayo Okuqondile/Okungaqondile
Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa umoya wangaphandle ngqo noma ngokungaqondile ukuze ziphole futhi zivame ezindaweni ezomile (e-US West, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Australia). Ngenxa yokuthi zingenisa umoya wangaphandle ongahlungiwe kahle endleleni yokupholisa, ukuhlunga kubaluleke kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zidinga ukuhlunga kokungenisa kwe-F7 (MERV 13) okungenani, kanti i-F9 inconywa ezindaweni ezinamazinga e-PM10 angaphezu kwama-50 μg/m³. Ama-evaporative media pads ngokwawo angasebenza njengezihlungi eziqinile kodwa awathathi indawo yokuhlunga okufanele ngaphambi kokuhlunga.
Isifinyezo Sencazelo Yesihlungi Ngohlobo Lokupholisa
| Ukwakhiwa Kokupholisa | Ukungenisa Umoya Kwangaphandle | Indlela Yokujikeleza Kwegazi | Isabelomali Esijwayelekile se-ΔP |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-CRAC/CRAH (efakwe phansi) | Akukho (akukho ndlela yomoya yangaphandle) | G4 (ejwayelekile), F7 (izindawo ezingcolile) | 50–100 Pa |
| I-AHU (ephakathi) | F7–F9 | G4 + F7 | 100–200 Pa |
| Ukupholisa okuhwamukayo (okuqondile) | F7–F9 + imidiya ehwamukayo | G4 (uhlangothi olubuyela emuva) | 80–150 Pa |
| Ukupholisa okubandayo / okungaphakathi komugqa | F7 (ngeyunithi yokulawula ye-AHU) | I-G4 (umthamo wendawo weyunithi) | 30–80 Pa |
Kungani Izikhungo Zedatha Kufanele Zigweme Ukuhlunga I-HEPA
Ngivame ukuthola izicelo ezivela kubaqhubi bezikhungo zedatha becela izihlungi ze-HEPA 'ngoba sifuna umoya ohlanzekile kakhulu kumaseva ethu.' Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, lokhu kuyiphutha elibizayo. Nasi isizathu:
- I-HEPA yengeza i-ΔP engadingekile ye-120–250 Pa endleleni yomoya opholile. Esikhungweni sedatha esijwayelekile esinamayunithi angu-20 e-CRAC ngalinye elihamba ngama-20,000 CFH (amafidi ama-cubic ngehora), ukwengeza ukuhlunga kwe-HEPA kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla abalandeli cishe ngo-18–25%, okunezela u-$12,000–$25,000 ngonyaka ebhilini likagesi.
- Izikhungo zedatha zidinga i-ISO Class 8, hhayi i-ISO Class 5. I-ISO Class 8 ingatholakala ngokuhlunga okuhleliwe kwe-G4+F7 ngengxenye encane kakhulu yezindleko kanye nomthelela wamandla. I-ISO Class 5 (ibanga legumbi lokuhlanza), elidinga i-HEPA, alinikezi izinzuzo ezengeziwe zokuthembeka kwemishini ye-IT ejwayelekile.
- Izihlungi ze-HEPA zilayisha ngokushesha ezindaweni zesikhungo sedatha ngoba zibamba izinhlayiya eziningi. Isitimela sesihlungi se-G4+F7 esikhungweni sedatha ngokuvamile sihlala izinyanga ezingu-9-15 ngaphambi kokudinga ukushintsha (isigaba se-F7). Isihlungi se-HEPA singalayisha ku-ΔP yaso yokugcina ezinyangeni ezingu-6-10, sidinga ukushintshwa njalo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwesihlungi sonyaka.
- Umthelela wezezimali: Isikhungo sedatha esingu-1 MW esisebenzisa izihlungi ze-HEPA eziyi-100 ngo-$100 ngasinye sisebenzisa u-$10,000 ezihlungini kanye no-$50,000–$80,000 emandleni engeziwe efeni ngonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwe-G4+F7 olusebenzisa u-$3,500 ezihlungini kanye no-$5,000–$8,000 emandleni efeni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-HEPA kubiza u-$48,500–$78,500 ngaphezulu ngonyaka ukuze kungabi nanzuzo yokuthembeka elinganisekayo.
Okuhlukile: Ukuhlunga kwe-HEPA kungavunyelwa ezikhungweni zedatha ezitholakala ezindaweni ezibucayi (eziseduze nezitshalo zamandla ezisebenzisa amalahle, izindawo zokwakha zasehlane, noma eduze kwezitshalo zomanyolo) lapho amazinga e-PM angaphandle ehlala engaphezu kuka-150 μg/m³. Kulezi zimo, bheka i-HEPA endleleni yokungenisa umoya wangaphandle kuphela - hhayi endleleni yokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ucwaningo Lwecala: Isikhungo Sedatha Sesigaba III eBangkok
Ngo-2023, isikhungo sedatha se-Tier III colocation eBangkok sasibhekene nokufundwa kwezinhlayiya eziphakeme phansi kweseva yaso - njalo ngaphezu kwemingcele ye-ISO Class 8, kanti iziqongo zifinyelela ku-ISO Class 9 ngesikhathi sesomiso sikaFebhuwari-Meyi. Lesi sakhiwo sasinama-filter e-G4 (MERV 8) kuwo wonke amayunithi angu-24 e-CRAC futhi sasingenawo ama-filter ezindlela zomoya zangaphandle ngoba isakhiwo sasisebenzisa isiphathi se-OA esizinikele ekucindezelekeni kuphela.
Ngenze inhlolovo yokubala izinhlayiya ezindaweni ezintathu (indawo ebandayo, indawo eshisayo, kanye nezinga lokungena kwemishini) futhi ngabona izinkinga ezimbili:
- Inkinga 1: Izihlungi ze-G4 kumayunithi e-CRAC zazishintshwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 ngokwesheduli yekhalenda, kodwa ngesikhathi sesomiso (uFebhuwari-Meyi), zafinyelela ku-110 Pa (i-ΔP yokugcina) emavikini ayi-6-8. Ezinyangeni ezisele ezi-2-3 zesikhathi sesheduli, izihlungi zazidlula — zivumela umoya ongahlungiwe ukuthi ugeleze uzungeze ozimele bezihlungi ezilayishiwe.
- Inkinga 2: Umphathi we-OA wayengenakho nhlobo ukuhlunga. Umoya wangaphandle wawungeniswa ngqo ku-plenum, futhi ukuhlunga okuwukuphela kwawo okwakuthola kwakuyi-G4 kumayunithi e-CRAC — okwakubonakala ukuthi kwakunganele.
Isixazululo besingabizi kakhulu futhi asidingi ukushintshwa kweyunithi ye-CRAC:
- Kungezwe izihlungi zezikhwama ze-F7 kumphathi we-OA othatha umoya wangaphandle (izindleko: $1,800 kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa kwezindlu)
- Izihlungi zeyunithi ye-CRAC ezishintshiwe kusukela ku-G4 kuya ku-G4+F7 kusetshenziswa izikhala zokuhlunga ezikhona (ukwenyuka kwezindleko: $12 ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-CRAC ngoshintsho ngalunye)
- Kufakwe ama-transmitter e-ΔP edijithali kumayunithi angu-6 e-CRAC ($120 ngalinye) anemikhawulo ye-BMS ebekwe ku-70% ΔP yokugcina yesixwayiso kanye no-100% wezinkinga ezibucayi
- Kushintshwe ukushintshwa kusuka kukhalenda kuya kokusekelwe esimweni: shintsha i-G4 ku-110 Pa, shintsha i-F7 ku-200 Pa
Umphumela: Ukubalwa kwezinhlayiya endaweni yeseva kwehle kusuka eziqongweni ze-ISO Class 9 kuya emazingeni e-ISO Class 7-8 ahambisanayo. Izihlungi zangaphambi kwe-G4 kumayunithi e-CRAC manje zihlala amasonto ayi-10-14 (esikhundleni samasonto ayi-6-8 ngaphambilini) ngoba izihlungi eziyinhloko ze-F7 zibamba izinhlayiya ezincane ezazilayisha i-G4 ngaphambilini. Izihlungi ze-F7 zihlala izinyanga eziyi-12-18. Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi zonyaka kukhuphuke ngo-$2,800 kodwa ukonga amandla okuvela ekuhlanzekeni kwekhoyili okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokunciphisa i-bypass kuholele ekongeni okunetha okungu-$7,200 ngonyaka.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlunga kwe-OA handler F7 kunciphisa umthwalo wezinhlayiya eziqinile ongena esikhungweni sedatha, izihlungi zeyunithi ye-CRAC G4 zahlala isikhathi eside ngo-60% kanti ukuhlanzeka komoya ezingeni leseva kwathuthukiswa yiklasi elilodwa eligcwele le-ISO.
Imininingwane Efanele Yesihlungi Sesikhungo Sedatha
Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu ensimini kumaphrojekthi esikhungo sedatha angaphezu kwama-20 e-Asia naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, nansi imininingwane yokuhlunga enconyiwe yendawo ngayinye:
| Indawo | Iklasi Lokuhlunga | Umkhiqizo we-KWS onconyiwe | Ushintsho ΔP | Impilo Elindelekile |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukungenisa umoya ngaphandle (isiphathi se-OA) | Ubuncane be-F7 (MERV 13), kunconywa i-F9 | Isihlungi Sesikhwama Esinemiphumela Ephakathi se-KWS (F7–F9) | 200–250 Pa | Izinyanga ezingu-9–15 |
| Umoya wokubuyisa weyunithi ye-CRAC/CRAH | I-G4 (MERV 8) + F7 (MERV 13) ihlelwe | Isihlungi Sephaneli Esiyinhloko se-KWS (G4) + Isihlungi Sesikhwama (F7) | G4: 110Pa, F7: 200Pa | G4: Izinyanga ezi-3–5, F7: Izinyanga ezi-9–15 |
| Ukujikeleza kabusha kwe-AHU okuphakathi | I-G4 + F7 ihlelwe | Iphaneli Eyinhloko ye-KWS (G4) + Isihlungi Sesikhwama (F7) | Njengoba ngenhla | Njengoba ngenhla |
| Ukungena kwe-rack yeseva (kwezindawo ezinezinkinga zezinhlayiya eziqhubekayo) | Isihlungi se-F7 kuyunithi yefeni efakwa ku-rack (ukuhlunga amabala) | N/A (isixazululo sokufaka i-rack senkampani yangaphandle) | Landela imininingwane yomkhiqizi | Izinyanga ezingu-6–12 |
| Igumbi lokukhiqiza | G4 (MERV 8) | Isihlungi Sephaneli Esiyinhloko se-KWS (G4) | 100–110 Pa | Izinyanga ezingu-6–12 |
| Igumbi lebhethri | G4 (MERV 8) | Isihlungi Sephaneli Esiyinhloko se-KWS (G4) | 100–110 Pa | Izinyanga ezingu-6–12 |
Ukuqapha Ukucindezeleka Okuhlukile Ezikhungweni Zedatha
Ukuqapha i-ΔP kuzo zonke izigaba zokuhlunga kubaluleke kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha ngoba ukulayishwa kwesihlungi kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kwesistimu yokupholisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ibhange lokuhlunga elilayisha ngokushesha kunokulindelekile livame ukuba uphawu lokuqala lwenkinga:
- Ukwanda okusheshayo kwe-ΔP ekungeneni komoya ngaphandle: Kubonisa umcimbi wekhwalithi yomoya wangaphandle — ukwakhiwa, umlilo, isiphepho sothuli. Uma izinga lokushintsha kwe-ΔP lidlula u-30% ngesonto, cabanga ngokushintshela kwimodi yokujikeleza kwegazi kuphela kuze kube yilapho ikhwalithi yomoya wangaphandle ithuthuka.
- Ukwanda okusheshayo kwe-ΔP ekubuyeni kweyunithi ye-CRAC: Kungase kubonise umthombo wokungcola osendaweni phansi kweseva — umsebenzi wokufaka ikhebula, amathayela ophahleni angekho, noma iphrojekthi yokwakha eseduze.
- Ukwanda kwe-ΔP okuhamba kancane (isihlungi sihlala isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile): Akuzona ngempela izindaba ezinhle — kungase kubonise ukuthi umoya udlula isihlungi ngezikhala kufreyimu noma izivalo zesihlungi ezingekho. Njalo qinisekisa ngenani lezinhlayiya lapho impilo yesihlungi idlula okulindelwe ngaphezu kuka-50%.
Imingcele ye-ΔP enconyiwe yezihlungi zesikhungo sedatha: Isexwayiso ku-70% we-ΔP yokugcina. Okubalulekile ku-90%. Emkhawulweni obalulekile, isihlungi kumele sishintshwe zingakapheli amahora angu-48 ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kokudlula kanye nokupholisa. Esigabeni sangaphambi kwesihlungi se-G4, lokhu kusho ukuthi sishintshwe ku-80 Pa (isexwayiso) kanye ne-100 Pa (okubalulekile). Esigabeni sesihlungi esiyinhloko se-F7, i-140 Pa (isexwayiso) kanye ne-180 Pa (okubalulekile). Hlola njalo amanani alinganiswe ngumenzi kulebula yesihlungi.
Izindlela Ezinhle Zokulungisa Izihlungi Zesikhungo Sedatha
Ukulungiswa kwesihlungi sesikhungo sedatha kulandela imithetho ethile ehlukile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izikhungo:
- Izinguquko zesihlungi kufanele zihlanganiswe namafasitela okulungisa i-IT. Ukushintsha izihlungi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuphezulu kungaphazamisa uthuli oluzinzile futhi kubangele ukwanda kwenani lezinhlayiya zesikhashana. Hlela ukushintsha izihlungi ngezikhathi zomthwalo ophansi (ngokuvamile ekuseni kakhulu ngezimpelasonto).
- Sebenzisa izinqubo zokufaka/ukukhipha isikhwama (BIBO) zezihlungi ze-HEPA uma isikhungo sakho sedatha sinazo emoyeni wangaphandle. Lokhu kuvimbela ukukhishwa kothuli endaweni yeseva ngesikhathi sokushintsha.
- Ukushintshaniswa kokuhlunga ngaphambi kokuhlunga kubaluleke kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha kunasezakhiweni zezentengiselwano. Isihlungi sangaphambi kwe-G4 esifinyelela ku-ΔP yokugcina bese siqala ukudlula sizongcolisa ama-coil okupholisa, okunzima kakhulu ukuwahlanza uma esengcolile. Ukuhlanza ama-coil esikhungweni sedatha esibukhoma kudinga ukuvalwa kweyunithi yokupholisa, okungadala izindawo ezishisayo.
- Yenza izinhlolovo zokubalwa kwezinhlayiya zekota ezindaweni ezimele: isikhungo se-aisle esibandayo, isikhungo se-aisle esishisayo, kanye nokuphakama kokungena kweseva (cishe amamitha angu-0.5 ngaphezu kwephansi kwamaseva angena phansi, amamitha angu-2.0 kwamaseva angena phezulu). Bhala imiphumela bese uyithambekela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Hlola ama-gasket esihlungi bese uvala njalo uma isihlungi sishintshwa. Imbangela evame kakhulu yokungcoliswa kwezinhlayiya ezikhungweni zedatha akukhona ukwehluleka kwezihlungi kodwa ukwehluleka kwezivalo — isihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa esinesikhala esingu-2 mm esizungeze uhlaka lwaso.
Indlela i-KWS Esekela Ngayo Amaklayenti Esikhungo Sedatha
Embonini yethu yaseXiamen, sakha izihlungi ze-G4, F7, kanye ne-F9 ezilinganiselwe ngqo amayunithi e-CRAC/CRAH, ama-racks e-AHU, kanye neziphathi zomoya zangaphandle. Okwethu Izihlungi Zephaneli Yemiphumela Eyinhloko ye-G4 zine-ΔP yokuqala engu-40–48 Pa kuphela ekugelezeni komoya okulinganiselwe (ngaphansi komkhawulo ojwayelekile ongu-55 Pa), okunikeza indawo yokusebenza eyengeziwe ngaphambi kokufinyelela umkhawulo obalulekile wokushintsha. Izihlungi Zezikhwama Ezinomphumela Ophakathi F7–F9 zitholakala ngobukhulu obujwayelekile besikhungo sedatha (592×592×400 mm ngokujula kwesikhwama, 592×592×46 mm ukuze kufakwe amaphaneli).
Phequlula i-akhawunti yethu uhla oluphelele lwezihlungi zomoya zezentengiselwano nezezimboni ukuthola imininingwane efanele yokwakheka kokupholisa kwesikhungo sakho sedatha. Isihlungi ngasinye sithunyelwa nesitifiketi se-QC esibonisa i-ΔP yokuqala elinganisiwe ekugelezeni komoya okulinganiselwe, ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza ngaphambi kokufakwa.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Iyini ikilasi elincane lokuhlunga umoya lesikhungo sedatha?
Izinga eliphansi elinconywe yi-ASHRAE TC 9.9 yi-G4 (MERV 8) ezindleleni zomoya ezijikelezayo kanye ne-F7 (MERV 13) ezindleleni zokungenisa umoya zangaphandle. Ezikhungweni zedatha ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu ezinhlayiya zangaphandle, i-F7 iyanconywa kuzo zonke izindlela zomoya. Ukuhlunga kwe-HEPA akudingeki futhi ngokuvamile akubizi kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zesikhungo sedatha.
Ingabe ukuhluzwa komoya okungekuhle kungabangela ukwehluleka kweseva?
Yebo, ngqo. Izinhlayiya eziphefumulayo zibangela ukuphahlazeka kwekhanda le-hard drive (ucwaningo lwesikhungo sedatha se-Google luthole amazinga okuhluleka kwe-HDD aphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-2.2 ezindaweni ezingahlungiwe kahle), ukugoba kukagesi kumabhodi wesekethe, kanye nokuwohloka kokushisa kwama-heat sink kanye namafeni okupholisa. I-Uptime Institute ilinganisela ukuthi u-8-12% wokwehluleka kwemishini ye-IT okungahleliwe kunomthelela ekungcoleni kwezinhlayiya njengesici esibangela lokho.
Kufanele ngishintshe kangaki izihlungi zomoya zesikhungo sedatha?
Sebenzisa ukushintshwa okusekelwe esimweni okubangelwa ukucindezela okuhlukile, hhayi amashejuli ekhalenda. Shintsha izihlungi zangaphambi kwe-G4 ku-100–110 Pa (ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3–5). Shintsha izihlungi eziyinhloko ze-F7 ku-200–250 Pa (ngokuvamile njalo ezinyangeni ezi-9–15). Ezindaweni ezinezinhlayiya eziningi (izindawo zokwakha, izindawo zezimboni, izinkathi ezomile), kungadingeka ukushintshwa kaningi.
Ingabe kufanele ngisebenzise izihlungi ze-HEPA esikhungweni sedatha?
Ngokuvamile, cha. Izihlungi ze-HEPA zengeza i-120–250 Pa ye-ΔP eyengeziwe, okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla abalandeli ngo-18–25% ngenkathi kunganikezi nzuzo yokwethembeka elinganisekayo yemishini ejwayelekile yesikhungo sedatha. Umgomo onconywe yi-ASHRAE ukuhlanzeka kwe-ISO Class 8, okufinyeleleka ngokuhlunga okuhleliwe kwe-G4+F7. Okuhlukile: izikhungo zedatha ezindaweni ezibucayi (eduze kwezitshalo zamalahle, izindawo zokwakha zasehlane) zingazuza ku-F9 noma ku-spot HEPA ekungeneni komoya wangaphandle kuphela.
Kuyini ukuhlanzeka komoya kwe-ISO Class 8, futhi kusebenza kanjani ezikhungweni zedatha?
I-ISO Class 8 ivumela ubuningi bezinhlayiya ezingu-3,520,000 nge-cubic meter ku-≥0.5 μm kanye nezinhlayiya ezingu-29,300 nge-cubic meter ku-≥5.0 μm. I-ASHRAE TC 9.9 incoma ukugcina i-ISO Class 8 endaweni emhlophe yesikhungo sedatha (phansi kweseva). Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuhlunga okuhleliwe kahle kwe-G4+F7. I-ISO Class 8 ilingana negumbi lokuhlanza le-Class 100,000 ngaphansi kwe-Federal Standard 209E endala.
Ngingazisebenzisa yini izihlungi zezakhiwo zezentengiselwano esikhungweni sedatha?
Yebo, ngemidiya yokuhlunga uqobo — izihlungi ze-G4 ne-F7 ziyimikhiqizo efanayo esetshenziswa ku-HVAC yezentengiselwano. Kodwa-ke, izikhungo zedatha zinezidingo ezengeziwe: izihlungi kumele zibe nezivalo ze-gasket ezithembekile (indawo evame kakhulu yokuhluleka), kumele zifinyeleleke ukuze zifakwe esikhundleni ngaphandle kokukhiqiza uthuli, futhi kumele ziqashwe ngama-transmitter e-ΔP axhunywe ku-BMS. Izihlungi ezijwayelekile zezentengiselwano ezinezivikelo ze-gasket ezincane ziwumthombo ovamile wezinkinga zokudlula ezindaweni zedatha.
Ngingalinganisa kanjani ukuthi ukuhlunga kwami kwesikhungo sedatha kuyasebenza?
Izindlela ezintathu: (1) Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-ΔP kuzo zonke izigaba zokuhlunga — uma i-ΔP iphambuka ebangeni elilindelekile, kukhona okungahambi kahle. (2) Ukuhlola inani lezinhlayiya njalo ngekota kusetshenziswa i-optical particle counter (OPC) ekuphakameni kokungenisa kweseva — qhathanisa ukufundwa ngokumelene nemikhawulo ye-ISO Class 8. (3) Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwamakhoyili okupholisa kanye nama-fan blades ngesikhathi sokulungiswa — uma ubona ukunqwabelana kothuli okubonakalayo zingakapheli izinyanga eziyi-6 zokushintsha kwesihlungi, ukuhlunga noma ukuvala kwakho akwanele.
Isiphetho: Vikela Ukupholisa Kwakho, Vikela Amaseva Akho
Ukuhlunga umoya wesikhungo sedatha akukhona ngokunethezeka komuntu — kumayelana nokuthembeka kwemishini, ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa, kanye nokuvimbela ukungasebenzi kwesikhathi okungahleliwe. Uhlelo lokuhlunga oluhlelwe kahle lwe-G4+F7 lubiza u-$3,000–$5,000 ngonyaka esikhungweni esingu-1-MW futhi luvimbela izinhlobo zokwehluleka okuqhutshwa yizinhlayiya okubangela u-$5,600–$9,000 ngomzuzu wokungasebenzi.
Iseluleko sami ngemva kokuvakashela izikhungo zedatha kulo lonke elase-Asia:
- Qinisekisa ikilasi lakho le-ISO lamanje. Qasha noma uboleke ikhawunta yezinhlayiya ezibonakalayo isonto lonke. Hlola izindawo eziyi-10 ekuphakameni kokungena kweseva. Uma ungaphezu kwe-ISO Class 8, lungisa ukuhlunga ngaphambi kokwengeza amandla okupholisa engeziwe.
- Faka izihlungi zakho endaweni. Ungalokothi usebenzise isihlungi se-F7 noma se-F9 esinesigaba esisodwa ngaphandle kwesihlungi sangaphambi kwe-G4 esikhuphukayo. I-G4 ibiza u-$5–$8 futhi iphinda kabili impilo yesevisi ye-F7.
- I-Monitor ΔP enama-transmitter edijithali. Zixhume ku-BMS yakho. Setha ama-alamu ku-70% final ΔP. Isihlungi esilayisha emavikini ama-4 esikhundleni samaviki ayi-16 sikutshela okuthile okubalulekile ngesikhungo sakho.
- Hlola izimpawu zakho. Isihlungi esibiza kakhulu emhlabeni asisizi ngalutho uma umoya udlula eduze kohlaka lwaso. Hlola ama-gaskets njalo uma kushintsha.
Udinga usizo lokucacisa ukuhlunga komoya okufanele isikhungo sakho sedatha? Xhumana ne-KWS ku- kws.airfliter@gmail.com noma vakashela www.kwsairfilter.comSihlinzeka ngezihlungi ze-G4 primary kanye nezihlungi zesikhwama ze-F7–F9 ngobukhulu obujwayelekile besikhungo sedatha, kanye nemininingwane ephrintiwe ye-ΔP kuyunithi ngayinye.